Great Depression causes and effects.

                                                                                                                                                                                                      I Intro

In this outline I am going to discuss the Causes and Effects of the Great Depression and some of the various solutions. There will be parts angled towards the criticisms that people expressed for the New Deal, and details behind it.

II Causes (The causes of the great depression were: High Tariffs, Unequal Distribution of Wealth, and Stock Market)

A overspeculation (Define, how important)

A overspeculation (Define, how important): Over speculation occurs when an investor purchases stock on the future earnings of the stock he already owns. It lead to risky financial transactions and the Wall Street Crash.

B Govt Policy

The Government Policy was about loans, any people wanted loans to help them buy something they could not afford at that very second.

C Unstable Econ

A overspeculation (Define, how important): Over speculation occurs when an investor purchases stock on the future earnings of the stock he already owns. It lead to risky financial transactions and the Wall Street Crash.

1 uneven prosperity

A overspeculation (Define, how important): Over speculation occurs when an investor purchases stock on the future earnings of the stock he already owns. It lead to risky financial transactions and the Wall Street Crash.

2 overproduction

A overspeculation (Define, how important): Over speculation occurs when an investor purchases stock on the future earnings of the stock he already owns. It lead to risky financial transactions and the Wall Street Crash.

3 worker issues / farm issues-

the farmers crops weren't going as good as they used to, people weren't buying as much and they weren't making as much money, things were especially hard for the people in the dustbowl because all their crops vanished.

III Effects

A Poverty-Unemployment, this reached a record high and  25 percent of people  lost their jobs.

B Society

People went to soup kitchens because they were so starving and could not afford other food.  

C World-

the governments all around the world were effected, shortly after wwII started which shook the whole world.

IV Solutions

A Hoover-Elected in 1928, Hoover held a strong belief in American individualism and free enterprise fused with public service.

1 Volunteerism- Elected in 1928, Hoover held a strong belief in American individualism and free enterprise

2 Public Works

Created thousands of jobs b authorizing the building of roads, bridges, and dams.  

3 Hawley Smoot

Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act was created to provide revenue, to regulate commerce with foreign countries, to encourage the industries of the US and to protect American labor.

4 RFC

Reconstruction Finance Corporation; Put in place to aid state and local governments. Made loans to banks, railroads and other businesses.  

B Roosevelt

1 new deal:

Some important government programs included in the FDR’s First New Deal during the Great Depression is; FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation), SEC (Securities and Exchange Commision), NRA (National Recovery Administration), and CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps).

a alphabet soup

             example: SEC - Securities and Exchange Commission was created to serve as a watchdog on the stock market.

           example: FHA - Federal Housing Authority was created to provide low interest loans for new home construction.

           example: HOLC - Home Owners Loan Corporation allowed homeowners to refinance mortgages to prevent foreclosure or to make home improvements.

example: USHA - United States Housing Authority initiated the idea of government-owned low-income housing projects.

b Criticsim?

2 2nd new deal

a Social Security; for the elderly, unemployment, disabled, widowed, or injured on the job.

b National Labo Relationship; Outlawed unfair practices and gave workers the right to organize unions.

c Works Progress Administration; created jobs by improving highways, rivers, and harbors.

V Criticicism

B Political Criticism (ex. Came from both the _right_ and _left_)

A Conservatives

-conservaties seek to conserve things the way they are and do not like change. the conservatives didnt like the change that was taking place because of the new deal.

B Liberals (ex: criticised the new deal also. They....)

for the liberals the new deal did not propose enough chance and thats is why it got critisism from the liberals also.

VI Effectiveness

A Changes in US- many changes happened because of the depression on of which was the instalment of the FDIC which protects your money in the bank. so banks cant go spend all your money.

B Unions- the labor unions would a lot of the times go on strike for getting better working conditions or even more jobs. In the long run their efforts payed off because the working conditions got better and more jobs were introduced.

C Culture- the culture of the united states changed a lot. because of the depression it changed they way people looked at life. everyone was a lot more thankful for having a job or even just having a house.

VII Conclusion- in total the great depression took a huge hit on the United States. Unemployment rates went up to the most they have ever been and people encountered a hardship like nothing seen before. From the efforts of the labor unions to the new deal trying to fix everything, nothing seemed to go right. But with the start of a  new war and more jobs coming to America we slowly go out of the great depression.

Radio Play

ANNOUNCER: Good Evening! Tonight we have a very special show! But first let’s cut to a word from our Sponsor!

 COMMERCIAL ANNOUNCER: Well hello, and good evening folks, I’m here to tell you about a very important new product that we at Camel have recently released! It’s a cigarette that has a filter so that the smoke doesn’t damage your lungs! That’s right people, it is perfectly safe to smoke.

 CONCERNED CUSTOMER: But doesn’t it give you bad breathe? COMMERCIAL ANNOUNCER: Not with our new menthol flavored Cigarette line! CONCERNED CUSTOMER: Golly Gee Sir! That sounds amazing!

 COMMERCIAL ANNOUNCER: So what brand of cigarette are you going to buy at the store next time?

-A VERY LARGE CROWD: CAMEL!!!! CAMEL!!!! CAMEL!!! HOO-RAY!!! 

 NEWS REPORTER- Breaking news! a man stands at the top of the empire state building about to fall off, we now go to our reporter frank. go ahead frank

 FRANK- we are watching as this middle age man is standing up top that building! he seems very suicidal and won’t respond to any commands!

 FRANK- Currently the police don’t know how to handle this situation, Back to you.

 NEWS REPORTER- Thanks frank, hopefully that man gets down soon and goes home safely! Frank is there any other new information.

 FRANK- the man has seemed to step down and is now responding to police! a police squad will be sent to take care of him. Back to you.

 NEWS REPORTER- Good to hear! thanks for the report frank….thanking you guys for tuning in! And now a final word from another one of our sponsors!

Carl Sandburg

Carl August Sandburg was born the son of Swedish Immigrants. He worked all his young life, quiting school right after his eight grade graduation in 1891. Sandburg spent a decade working odd jobs from delivering milk to shinning shoes. Then he spent time traveling as a hobo.

His experiences traveling and working influenced his writing and political views. When the Spanish-American war broke out, Sandburg volunteered for service and at the age of 20 he was sent to Puerto Rico. The only battles he fought was against the heat and mosquitoes. After his return he entered College and supported himself as a on call fireman.

Sandburg spent two years of his life writing poety before his first book of verse in "In Reckless Ecstasy" was printed on Wrights basement press in 1904, Wright printed two more volumes for Sandburg "Incidentials" (1907) and "The Plaint of a Rose" (1908). Sandburg met Lillian Steichen, who he married in 1908. The responsibilities of marriage and Family made him change his carrerr. He soon became a Journalists. For several years he worked as a reporter for the Chicago Daily News.

In 1914 a group of his poems appeared in "Poetry Magazine". Two years later his book "Chicago Poems" was published and the 38 year old author found himself on the brink of a great career.

Dear Honey

Dear Honey,

When i left you 6 months ago i was excited and egger to fight in war. I soon found out that war wasn't all i thought it was. The smell of rotting corpses is very prominent and death is surrounding us. During our free time we sit around and play cards, occasionally we get some coffee. But the reality off all this is that good men are dying each day. Just the other day my regiment and I conducted a charge on the German lines. George from college was shot in the leg, I tried to help him get medical attention but another bullet rang through his head. Times are getting real though, my hands and feet are starting to rot, any socks or anything you have to send over would be great!

Honey, I should come home sometime next year. I'll keep sending photos of me and the boys! Any candy or clothing you could send would be the best. Ill try to write you every week. Keep safe and take care of the boys. I love you sweetie.

- Captain Colvin

WW1 Causes

Militarism- contributed to the start of the war because countries were building up their military which was scaring other nations.
Alliances- played part to WW1 because countries would side with other countries and that was basically setting the stage for a war to start.
Imperialism- was the idea of one big country owning smaller countries called colonies and those colonies would make war material for the country that ruled them. This helped the cause of WW1 because some countries didn't want countries to  be able to rule other countries and some nations wanted more of these colonies to take away from other nations.
Nationalism -was the idea of thinking your country was the best, many countries joined in on WW1 because they simply thought they were the best and they would win.

The spark that started WW1 was the assassination of Austria's Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie. This happened on June 28, 1914 and WW1 started a little later that year.



Lusitania- The lusitania was a cruise ship that was sunk why a German U-Boat on May, 7 1915. It caused America to join in on the war because the ship was carrying a few hundred american civilians.
Sussex Pledge- The Sussex Pledge was a promise made by the Germans to the Americans in 1916. The pledge restricted submarines to torpedo cruise ships but could torpedo merchant ships at will, but on march 24, 1916 a french ferry was torpedoed and sunk.
Zimmermann note- The Zimmermann note was a telegraph the Germans sent to Mexico in 1917 asking Mexico to join the Central powers but the british intercepted the note and decoded it. The note spread opnion through America and it helped America declare war on Germany later that year.
Sub Warfare- Sub Warfare started in late 1917. The submarines were mainly German U-Boats hunting and sinking British transport ships. Depth Charges were invented to help the shits have a fighting chance agains a U-Boat, a depth charge would be dropped into the ocean and the explosion, if close enough to the sub would cause the submarine to tear apart. depth charges were a very effective method to fight against submarines

Sinking of Lusitania

         On May 7, 1915, a British ocean cruise liner Lusitania which carried people and materials across the Atlantic ocean was hunted and shot by a German U-Boat. The Lusitania sunk within 18 minutes of being shot. The death toll was tremendous, of the 1,959 people on board 1,198 died, 128 of which were Americans. The sinking and killing of the Americans on board enraged the Americans and led to the U.S. entering World War 1. 

         Because of the outbreak of WW1 ocean travel had become very dangerous. German Submarines called U-Boats were prowling the ocean sinking almost every ship they suspected of carrying soldiers or war materials. The Germans has suspected the Lusitania of carrying war munitions and at 1:40 p.m. German U-Boat, U-20 launched a torpedo. The torpedo struck the ship starboard side and rocked the ship. Shortly after the torpedo hit and second explosion occurred. Many people believe the second explosion occurred from ammunition hidden in the cargo hold and other say it was from coal dust that ignited. The Lusitania sank within 18 minutes of the initial explosion

128 civilians dying in a war that they were neutral in outraged America. Sinking a ship not known to be carrying war material was an international war protocol that U-20 did not follow. The sinking of the Lusitania escalated the tension between U.S. and Germany and it was a major cause for America joining the war.

sources-http://history1900s.about.com/cs/worldwari/p/lusitania.htm

The Jungle

1:
`He believed they needed to basically be haters to one another. The people had to not care about working conditions and not care about other employees.
2:
The plant owners main goal was to make money. They didn't care how they did it or what they needed to do, the main goal was to maximize the money flow.
3:
 This means that no matter what the task is or what is being ask of the workers they will not double guess themselves if it means they make a dollar. It shows how bad the conditions were back then and how anybody would do almost anything for money.


An area that is enforced today would be the slaughterhouses. These places are where we get most of our meat that we either buy at the store or buy at a restaurant. Farmers in the past have treated  animals with very little care and it didn't  raise an issue to the general population regarding animal cruelty. In the 1800's there weren't associations like the USDA who regulate the treatment of the animals. Even recently people believe that animals aren't being treated they way they should be treated at slaughterhouses, and some want slaughterhouses to be gone completely. The USDA stresses on not treating the animal with unnecessary cruelty to kill it. They do have a long check list that is updated as things change to make sure no animals is getting an unfair treatment.